Algorithm
An algorithm is a clearly defined set of instructions that tells a system how to complete a task or solve a problem. These step-by-step procedures are used across many fields, especially in computer science and mathematics, where they guide software and hardware operations.
In programming, an algorithm can be something simple like adding numbers or highly complex like analysing massive datasets or optimizing routes on a map. Algorithms power everything from search engines to financial systems, making them a fundamental part of modern technology.
Each algorithm starts with an input, follows a logical sequence of actions, and ends with a result. Some are short and efficient, while others may require significant computational power depending on the problem they address.
Computer scientists often evaluate algorithms based on two key metrics: correctness and efficiency. Correctness measures whether the algorithm delivers accurate results. Efficiency looks at how quickly and with how few resources the task is completed. Advanced techniques like asymptotic analysis help compare the performance of different algorithms regardless of the platform.
In the blockchain world, algorithms play a critical role. For example, Bitcoin relies on a Proof of Work algorithm to validate transactions and secure the network. This algorithm ensures that mining is performed fairly and that the system remains decentralized and tamper resistant.
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